6,5005,800 years ago in Israel Late Chalcolithic (Copper Age) Period in the Southern Levant Seems to Express Northern Levant Migrations, Cultural and Religious Transfer, Stonehenge: Paganistic Burial and Astrological Ritual Complex, England (5,100-3,600 years ago), Complex rituals for elite, seen from China to Egypt, at least by 5,000 years ago, Chinas Civilization between 5,000-3,000 years ago, was a time of war and class struggle, violent transition from free clans to a Slave or Elite society. Haplogroup R possible time of origin about 27,000 years in Central Asia, South Asia, or Siberia: Bridging the Boreal Forest: Siberian Archaeology and the Emergence of Pottery among Prehistoric Hunter-Gatherers of Northern Eurasia, Globalization and the Emergence of Ceramic-using Hunter-gatherers in Northern Eurasia, A comparative perspective on the western and eastern Neolithics ofEurasia: Ceramics; agriculture and sedentism, The arrival of haplogroup R1a-M417 in Eastern Europe, and the east-west diffusion of pottery through North Eurasia. https://indo-european.eu/2018/02/the-arrival-of-haplogroup-r1a-m417-in-eastern-europe-and-the-east-west-diffusion-of-pottery-through-north-eurasia/, Ancient North Eurasian https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_North_Eurasian, Ancient North Eurasian/MaltaBuret culture haplogroup R* https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mal%27ta%E2%80%93Buret%27_culture, The arrival of haplogroup R1a-M417 in Eastern Europe, and the east-west diffusion of pottery through North Eurasia.ref, R1a1a1 (R-M417) is the most widely found subclade, in two variations which are found respectively in Europe (R1a1a1b1 (R-Z282) ([R1a1a1a*] (R-Z282) and Central and South Asia (R1a1a1b2 (R-Z93) ([R1a1a2*] (R-Z93). ref. The appearance of the Maykop culture in the Northern Caucasus represents a signifi cant marking point at that time. Nefer Say Nefer - Was Nefertiti Buried in the Valley of the Queens? Food Culture, Religious Belief and Community Relations: An Ethnographic In order to bring about awareness, we need to be willing to alter skewed beliefs. I had said that religion was a cultural product. It was a little over a decade ago that the evolutionary biologist Eske Willerslev successfully applied innovative DNA analysis and decoding technology to unlock genetic secrets from the past. Tellingly, these populations also have the lowest percentages of Y-haplogroup N only 3% for the Koreans and 2% for the Japanese, as opposed to 10 to 25% for the Mongols and Buryats, and frequencies between 30% and 90% for most Turkic-speaking Siberians. ref, Ancient Women Found in a Russian Cave Turn Out to Be Closely Related to The Modern Population https://www.sciencealert.com/ancient-women-found-in-a-russian-cave-turn-out-to-be-closely-related-to-the-modern-population, Ancient genomes have revolutionized our understanding of Holocene prehistory and, particularly, the Neolithic transition in western Eurasia. Among the Neolithic samples, haplogroup N1 made up two thirds of the samples from theHongshan culture(4700-2900 BCE) and all the samples from the Xiaoheyan culture (3000-2200 BCE), hinting that N1 people played a major role in the diffusion of the Neolithic lifestyle around Northeast China, and probably also to Mongolia and Siberia. ref, Ye Zhang et al. Other species include bread wheat and, occasionally, broomcorn millet, along with pea, bitter vetch, pulses, and grapes. ref, Centered on the Dnieper in Ukraine and extending east to the Don. Such king gods are collectively categorized as sky father deities, with a polarity between sky and earth often being expressed by pairing a sky father god with an earth mother goddess (pairings of a skymotherwith an earthfatherare less frequent). Sanskrit and Old Slavonic are very close languages. By the early 3rd millennium BCE, they had expanded throughout the PonticCaspian steppe and into eastern Europe. They also hunted deer and wild game. The specimens were first cleaned in a laboratory using UV light. Sacred Menstrual cloth? Show six:Emergence of hierarchy, sexism, slavery, and the new male god dominance:Paganism 7,000-5,000 years old: related to Anarchism and Socialism (Capitalism) (World War 0) Elite and their slaves! Animism: an approximately 100,000-year-old belief system? They lived primarily as nomads, with a chiefdom system and wheeled carts and wagons that allowed them to manage large herds. ref, They are also closely connected to Final Neolithic cultures, which later spread throughout Europe and Central Asia, especially the Corded Ware people and the Bell Beaker culture, as well as the peoples of the Sintashta, Andronovo, and Srubnaya cultures. Experts refer to the Bronze Age culture of Central Asian pastoralists as the Yamnaya. A similar physical type prevails among the, , who were tall and powerfully built. They burned forests to create grazing land until about 2000 BC when they began to settle down. R1a1a1b1a3 [R1a1a1a1] (R-Z284) occurs in Northwest Europe and peaks at c. 20% in Norway. ANE ancestry is found throughout Europe, with a maximum of about 20% found inBaltic peopleandFinns. Data from the sequencing processes were further analyzed using a number of software packages. We also demonstrate the formation of Early Neolithic and Bronze Age Baikal populations as the result of prolonged admixture throughout the eighth to sixth millennium BP. The concept of sky father may also be taken to includeSun godswith similar characteristics, such asRa. People of the precedingDnieper-Donets culturewere even more powerfully built than the Sredny Stog andYamnaya. 24 Likes, 0 Comments - Culture Street (@culture.st) on Instagram: "True Religion [Section Straight] #culturedispo Talla 20/40 [cintura 40cm x Largo 102cm] Prenda" It postulates that the people of aKurgan culturein thePontic steppenorth of theBlack Seawere the most likely speakers of theProto-Indo-European language(PIE). Most controversial are bone plaques of horses or double oxen heads, which were pierced. Ketmythologywith those of speakers ofUralic languages, assuming in the studies that they are modelingsemioticsystems in the compared mythologies. Proto Religion: Superstition around 1 million years ago, to Pre-Animism 300,000 years ago, & then Animism Religion 100,000 years ago, Stone Age Art: 500,000 233,000 Years Old, Around 500,000 233,000 years ago, Oldest Anthropomorphic art (Pre-animism) is Related to Female, 400,000 Years Old Sociocultural Evolution, Burial-pits, Cave-tombs, and/or Shallow-graves begin with Homo. The Yamnaya culture was instrumental in the rise of the Indo-Europeans. Then from 5,000-4,000 years ago moralistic deities are invented likely by or for the state. The main mythologies used in comparative reconstruction are Indo-Iranian, Baltic, Roman, and Norse, often supported with evidence from the Celtic, Greek, Slavic, Hittite, Armenian, Illyrian, and Albanian traditions as well. Neopagans often apply it with impunity to sky goddesses from other regions who were never associated with the term historically. Lower Mikhaylovka culture is named after an early Yamnaya cultureor theYamna culturesite of the latecopper ageof the lowerDnieper River, noted for its fortifications. [T]he existence of that worship does not admit of doubt. These foraged plants would have supplemented the diet, and indicate that the residents of atalhyk possessed knowledge of the tubers seasonal cycles. If a text told you that people moved, that must have been a massive human wave. Though the Jmon people themselves descended mainly from East Asian lineages, one study found an affinity between Hokkaido Jmon with the Northern Eurasian Yana sample (an ANE-related group, related to Malta), and suggest as an explanation the possibility of minor Yana gene flow into the Hokkaido Jmon population (as well as other possibilities). They are (linguistic) descendants of the people of the Yamnaya culture (c.3600-2300 BCE) in Ukraine and southern Russia, and settled in the area from Western Europe to India in various migrations in the third, second, and early first . Many European cultures retained house spirits into the modern period. Yamnaya culture was a Bronze Age culture that flourished in the steppes of modern-day Ukraine and Russia. First evidence for horseback riding dates back 5,000 years First, they were under a constant pressure from the reindeer herders to the north (Enets and Nenets) and east (Evenks) and the Turkic-speaking pastoralists to the south. The findings outlined on Wednesday document a shared genetic ancestry for the hundreds of millions of people who speak what the researchers callTranseurasian languagesacross an area stretching more than 5,000 miles (8,000km).ref, Millet was an important early crop as hunter-gatherers transitioned to an agricultural lifestyle. This gave them a significant advantage over their rivals. ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, Mesopotamian Tutelary Deities can be seen as onesrelated to City-States, Historical city-states includedSumeriancities such asUrukandUr;Ancient Egyptiancity-states, such asThebesandMemphis; thePhoeniciancities (such asTyreandSidon); the fivePhilistinecity-states; theBerbercity-states of theGaramantes; the city-states ofancient Greece(thepoleissuch asAthens,Sparta,Thebes, andCorinth); theRoman Republic(which grew from a city-state into a vast empire); theItalian city-statesfrom the Middle Ages to the early modern period, such asFlorence,Siena,Ferrara,Milan(which as they grew in power began to dominate neighboring cities) andGenoaandVenice, which became powerfulthalassocracies; theMayanand other cultures of pre-ColumbianMesoamerica(including cities such asChichen Itza,Tikal,CopnandMonte Albn); thecentral Asiancities along theSilk Road; the city-states of theSwahili coast;Ragusa; states of the medieval Russian lands such asNovgorodandPskov; and many others.ref, TheUruk period(ca. Material culture - what archaeologists pull out of the ground - isnt the most straightforward guide to understanding how people in the distant past migrated. Enormous amounts of horse bones were found in and around the Botai settlements, suggesting that the Botai people kept horses or even domesticated them. Who were the Groups migrating and merging with the previous Groups of Europe 9,000 to 7,000 years ago? Religions, as we think of them today, are a new fad, even if they go back to around 6,000 years in the timeline of human existence, this amounts to almost nothing when seen in the long slow evolution of religion at least around 70,000 years ago with one of the oldest ritual worship. Leurs auteurs tiennent cet vnement comme formant la base de la diffusion des langues indo-europennes. ANE ancestry among Jmon people is estimated at 21%, however, there is a North to South cline within the Japanese archipelago, with the highest amount of ANE ancestry in Hokkaido and Tohoku.ref, Ancient North EurasianComparative Mythology, Since the term Ancient North Eurasian refers to a genetic bridge of connected mating networks, scholars ofcomparative mythologyhave argued that they probably shared myths and beliefs that could be reconstructed via the comparison of stories attested within cultures that were not in contact for millennia and stretched from thePonticCaspian steppeto theAmerican continent. The CucuteniTrypillia culture was a society of, or scratch plough), harvesting crops, and tending livestock was probably the main occupation for most people. DenYeniseian language, Old Copper Complex, and Pre-Columbian Mound Builders? An Upper Paleolithic genome shows a direct link with the First Americans by sharing the admixed ancestry that gave rise to all non-Arctic Native Americans. Damien Marie AtHope (At Hope)Axiological Atheist, Anti-theist, Anti-religionist, Secular Humanist. Unlike the archaeological Yamnaya homeland, the linguistic homeland of the core Indo-European language community cannot be located in the eastern steppe, but must be situated around, and extending to the west of, the Dnieper River. These Bronze Age population replacements are associated with theBeaker culturearchaeologically and with theIndo-European expansionlinguistically.ref, As a result of the population movements during the Mesolithic to Bronze Age, modern European populations are distinguished by differences in WHG, EEF, and ANE ancestry. The last, some 5,000 years ago, were the Yamnaya, horse-riding cattle herders from Russia who built imposing grave mounds like this one near abalj, Serbia. This message of how religion and gods among them are clearly a man-made thing that was developed slowly as it was invented and then implemented peace by peace discrediting them all. developed elaborate systems for predicting terrestrial events from celestial observations. The AB lineage diverged from the Ancestral Native American (ANA) lineage about 20,000 years ago.ref, West Siberian Hunter-Gatherer(WSHG) are a specific archaeogenetic lineage, first reported in a genetic study published inSciencein September 2019. However thedocumentary hypothesisfor the Old Testament (corresponds to the JewishTorah) developed originally in the 1870s, identifies these that different authors theJahwist,Elohist,Deuteronomist, and thePriestly source were responsible for editing stories from a polytheistic religion into those of a monotheistic religion. The book comes out in July,but you can pre-order it here. Anthonyand Brown note that it might be one of the oldest mythemes recoverable throughcomparative mythology. The SiberianChukchiandTungusbelieved in a guardian-of-the-afterlife dog and a spirit dog that would absorb the dead mans soul and act as a guide in the afterlife. ref, In Indo-European myths, the figure of the dog is embodied byCerberus,Sarvar, andGarmr. The Ghassulian Star, a mysterious 6,000-year-old mural from Jordan may have connections to the European paganstic kurgan/dolmens phenomenon. 3400 BCE or 5,421 years ago, preceded by the middle Volga-based Khvalynsk culture and the Don-based Repin culture (c.39503300BCE or 5,971-5,321 years ago), arguing that late pottery from these two cultures can barely be distinguished from early Yamnaya pottery. It was detected in 14 people (out of 3667 people tested), all in a restricted geographical range from. A sweeping suite of studies published last year outlined 10,000 years of human history through genetic admixture, including how the Yamnaya culture spread into the Southern Arc, the region that . It extends 8 thousand kilometers west to east (from the Black Sea to the Yellow Sea), spanning an area of 8 million sq. A 2022 study concludes that Yamnaya ancestry can be modelled as a mixture of an as yet unsampled admixed EHG/CHG population with a second source from the south Caucasus, and rejects Khvalynsk Eneolithic as a source population for the Yamnaya cluster. For Tocharian, it may be necessary to assume an indirect dispersal as well in view of the late spread of agriculture to the eastern steppe. Migration is a tricky thing. 5,000-Year-Old Remains Might Be Oldest-Known Horseback Riders Recent genetics studies have demonstrated that populations bearing specificY-DNA haplogroupsand adistinct genetic signatureexpanded into Europe and South Asia from the Pontic-Caspian steppe during the third and second millennia BCE. A successive potential proxy is the Babyno culture (22001700 BCE), whose similarities to the Epi-Corded Ware of the Carpathian region suggest an East-Central European origin, The Eurasian steppe belt is a region peculiar for its nomadic and semi-nomadic stockbreeding cultures. First proto-king in the Balkans, Varna culture around 6,500 years ago? Are there elements of the same in Yamnaya movememt? 13,000-12,000 years ago Culture Leading to New Oppression changed everything and it was not always this way. InSiouan,Algonquian,Iroquoian, and in Central and South American beliefs, a fierce guard dog was located in theMilky Way, perceived as the path of souls in the afterlife, and getting past it was a test. 3,700 years ago or so, the oldest of the Hindu Vedas (scriptures), the Rig Veda was composed. The later stages of the Samara culture are contemporaneous[2] with its successor culture in the region, the early Khvalynsk culture (47003800 BCE),[5][note 1] while the archaeological findings seem related to those of the Dniepr-Donets II culture[2] (5200/50004400/4200 BCE).[6]. 40,000 years old Aurignacian Lion Figurine Early Totemism? Its name derives from its characteristic burial tradition: (romanization: yamnaya) is a Russian adjective that means related to pits (yama), and these people used to bury their dead in tumuli (kurgans) containing simple pit chambers. ref, The people of the Yamnaya culture were likely the result of a genetic admixture between the descendants of Eastern European Hunter-Gatherers (EHG) and people related to hunter-gatherers from the Caucasus (CHG), an ancestral component which is often named Steppe ancestry, with an additional admixture of up to 18% from Early European Farmers. Yamnaya culture, also known as Yamna, drove out, almost all the population of locals in Spain about 5000 years ago. Religion and food culture are two closely related topics in the Christian discourse and have been the subject of extensive anthropological research. Some of it was already present in Russia during the Mesolithic period, but the largest East Asian migration to Europe took place with the arrival of Proto-Uralic people during the Neolithic. Socratesspoke of hearing the voice of his personal spirit ordaimonion: You have often heard me speak of an oracle or sign which comes to me. Despite the popularity of Greek mythology in western culture, Greek mythology is generally seen as having little importance in comparative mythology due to the heavy influence of Pre-Greek and Near Eastern cultures, which overwhelms what little Indo-European material can be extracted from it. Around 5,000 years ago, ox-drawn wagons rumbled out of the Eurasian grasslands and into the Danube Valley of eastern Europe. The earlier tribes engaged inhunting, fishing, andreindeerbreedingin the northern areas. Instead of meeting a single starting point, we encounter an infinity of them, each of which poses the same problem. Around 2,600 years ago, Ajita Kesakambali, ancient Indian philosopher, who is the first known proponent of Indian materialism. Knowledge without Belief? Later developments of this theme show that in fact the sun is being represented. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Sky Father is a direct translation of the VedicDyaus Pita, etymologically descended from the sameProto-Indo-Europeandeity name as the GreekZes Paterand RomanJupiterand GermanicTr, Tir or Tiwaz, all of which are reflexes of the sameProto-Indo-Europeandeitys name,*Dyus Phtr. In antiquity, several sky goddesses in ancient Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Near East were called, . Yamnaya people were pastoralists who relied on herding sheep, goats, and cattle. Migrants seem to have kept coming for centuries. This culture lasted a very long time, until around 3000 BCE. These results were then cross-referenced with 399 published ancient genomes from the same period from Central and Western Europe as well as Neolithic individuals from Anatolia and the Pontic steppe, the researchers wrote in Nature Communications . , which give life to human bodies come from nature and return to it after death. A more recent study by Cooke et al. According to admixture analysis they had approximately 75%EEF, 10% bothWesternandEastern Hunter-Gatherer, and less than 5% traces of Yamnaya-related ancestry. , the migration becomes even clearer: People buried in kurgans on the Hungarian Plain derived most or all of their ancestry from people who had lived on the steppe a few centuries (at most) before. The teams innovative Bayesian phylogeographic analysis of Indo-European linguistic and spatial data, including basic vocabulary data from 103 ancient and contemporary Indo-European languages, decisively supports this theory. (2013). I see all religious people as at least animists, so, all religions have at least some amount, kind, or expression of animism as well. I create the world I want to live in, striving for flourishing. Probably correspond to the speakers of early Proto-Indo-European. Charles Longwrites: The beings referred to in the myth gods, animals, plants are forms of power grasped existentially. I am not a leader by some title given but from my commanding leadership style of simply to start teaching everywhere to everyone, all manner of positive education. Specific deities known asElorIlinclude the supreme god of theancient Canaanite religionand the supreme god ofEast Semitic speakersinMesopotamias Early Dynastic Period. It carries a great deal of baggage in the present, and that baggage weighs down our understanding of migration in the distant past as well. This scenario implies that Indo-Anatolian was originally rich in agricultural vocabulary, but that this part of the lexicon was largely lost in core Indo-European during an economic transformation from sedentary farmers to mobile pastoralists. Some deities, like the weather god *Perkunos or the herding-god *Phusn, are only attested in a limited number of traditions Western (European) and Graeco-Aryan, respectively and could therefore represent late additions that did not spread throughout the various Indo-European dialects. ref, Some myths are also securely dated to Proto-Indo-European times, since they feature both linguistic and thematic evidence of an inherited motif: a story portraying a mythical figure associated with thunder and slaying a multi-headed serpent to release torrents of water that had previously been pent up; a creation myth involving two brothers, one of whom sacrifices the other in order to create the world; and probably the belief that the Otherworld was guarded by a watchdog and could only be reached by crossing a river. ref, Various schools of thought exist regarding possible interpretations of the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European mythology. The Samara culture was an Eneolithic culture of the early 5th millennium BCE[note 1] at the Samara bend region of the middle Volga, at the northern edge of the steppe zone. KiandNinhursagareMesopotamianearth goddesses. The carrier slung the pots over the shoulder or onto an animal. Damien is interested in:Freedom, Liberty, Justice, Equality, Ethics, Humanism, Science, Atheism, Antiteism, Antireligionism, Ignosticism, Left-Libertarianism, Anarchism, Socialism, Mutualism, Axiology, Metaphysics, LGBTQI, Philosophy, Advocacy, Activism, Mental Health, Psychology, Archaeology, Social Work, Sexual Rights, Marriage Rights, Womans Rights, Gender Rights, Child Rights, Secular Rights, Race Equality, Ageism/Disability Equality, Etc. It is represented by two individuals fromKarelia, one of Y-haplogroup R1a-M417, dated c. 8.4kya, the other of Y-haplogroup J, dated c. 7.2 kya; and one individual fromSamara, of Y-haplogroup R1b-P297, dated c. 7.6 kya. Freud preferred to emphasize the psychoanalytic implications of the reification of metaphysical forces, but with particular emphasis on its familial nature. Ancient Origins 2013 - 2023Disclaimer- Terms of Publication - Privacy Policy & Cookies - Advertising Policy -Submissions - We Give Back - Contact us. A creation myth acts as a cornerstone for distinguishing primary reality fromrelativereality, the origin and nature ofbeingfrom non-being. They also used milk to make cheese and yogurt. Some of the people buried in kurgans in Hungary, even those with typically steppe-style artifacts, have exactly zero genetic ancestry from the steppe. 2). In this way, our research provides indirect support for the Language/Farming Dispersal Hypothesis, which posits that language expansion from the Neolithic onwards was often associated with agricultural colonization.ref, ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref,ref, BARCELONA, SPAINAccording to a statement released by Pompeu Fabra University, evidence for the processing of wild plants at the Neolithic site of atalhyk has been found by a team of researchers from Pompeu Fabra University and the University of Leicester. They had some individual graves, beneath small kurgans (mounds) and a mixture of skull shapes, suggesting a mixed population. Every amount spent on war is theft to children in need of food or the homeless kept from shelter. R1a1a1c (M64.2, M87, M204) is apparently rare: it was found in 1 of 117 males typed in southern Iran.. by Damien AtHope | Dec 31, 2021 | Blog | 0 comments, Groups partially derived from the Ancient North Eurasians, The ANE lineage is defined by association with the MA-1, or Malta boy, remains of 24,000 years ago in central Siberia Malta-Buret culture 24,000-15,000 years ago. ref, Myths: The bible inspired religion is not just one religion or one myth but a grouping of several religions and myths. divided into 6 groups: gods, ancestors, souls of the living, spirits of living things, spirits of lifeless objects, and ghosts), , there are various types of tutelary deities, among which. While working their way across Asia through mountain valleys, pastoralists incorporated crops into their own way of life., We also find that the majority of the East Eurasian ancestry in the Shirenzigou individuals is-related to northeastern Asian populations, while the West Eurasian ancestry is best presented by 20% to 80% Yamnaya-like ancestry. They were descended fromWestern Hunter-Gathererswho initially settledScandinaviafrom the south, and later populations of EHG who entered Scandinavia from the north through the coast ofNorway.ref, Iran Neolithic(Iran_N) individuals dated ~8.5 kya carried 50% ANE-derived admixture and 50% Dzudzuana-related admixture, marking them as different from other Near-Eastern and Anatolian Neolithics who didnt have ANE admixture. Discussion: Are the Origins of Indo-European Languages Explained by the