Aenean vulputate eleifend tellus. Collection in person (394) Vintage 1970's 1/72nd Airfix Royal Navy Vosper M.T.B. The PT-73 was actually a 71-foot type II Vosper MTB (motor torpedo boat), a British design built in the U.S. for export to the Soviet Union. 1947 This also could be used for domestic (structural) fire fighting. A Keilkraft / Aerokits Vosper 46ft RAF Crash Tender Vintage Kit Sergeant, John William EMMETT. Crash boats of World War II were wooden speed boats built to rescue the crew of downed United States and other Allies airplanes during World War II. This increased the quantity of foam produced and a longer jet throw. Enquiries invited for this Superlaunch. The brass rudders and props are really bright and turn freely. The Air Ministry set up a panel to examine and report on the problems. There are no instructions with the toy they are missing The toy is battery operated, we tested it with some fitted (not supplied). Vosper Boats in Rc Boat & Watercraft Models & Kits. To aid construction a comprehensive instruction book and full size plan is included. John Lambert Plans. of and in " a to was is ) ( for as on by he with 's that at from his it an were are which this also be has or : had first one their its new after but who not they have Peter Bs RAF Crash and Fire Tender, built of wood and fitted with a brushless motor. It remained in service until 1978 and had many modifications which brought about variants named Mk6A, 6B, 6C and 6D. Peter Brown 15: 02/08/2017 20:37:25: 83 forum posts 13 photos: Peter Brown 15: 02/08/2017 20:44:05: 83 forum posts 13 photos: Excellent information provided, many thanks. The Chief Instructor of the unit was Captain Desbrough. Fast Attack Craft Boat Kit RAF Rescue Launch Plan. It carried 400 gallons (1,800 litres) of water and 60 gallons (270 litres) of foam, the foam being delivered through hand lines. The RAF was officially formed on the 1st April 1918 and during its formative years the loss of aircraft and equipment due to fires caused a great deal of concern. Paul. raf crash tender - Shopadilly.co.uk This was mainly due to aircraft becoming larger with increased fuel loads which in turn required greater foam producing capacity from vehicles. Copyright 2023 DeansmarinePowered by osCommerce, Customers who bought this product also purchased. $18.99. The driver position was in the centre of the cab. raf crash tender fittings. 1930 1947 brought and upgrade to the AP 957 (Air Publication) designated as Part 1 for general firefighting guidance and drills. The program will feature the breadth, power and journalism of rotating Fox News anchors, reporters and producers. Price: 6.59. A 2" Gauge Live Steam 4-6-2 A3 'Flying Scotsman' with Tender, pressure gauge to cab, hand pump to tender, only wheels and cab painted, with '1983' boiler pressure certificate and set of 1950's 2 gauge A3 plans by Bassett Lowke and some 'Steel' for a 5" single sterling. Here we have for sale a vintage and collectable Victory Industries "Vosper RAF Crash Tender" battery operated boat model toy in the original box We think this dates from the early 1960`s. have recently started the group with a good number of images of original Aerokits model plans and Vosper manufacturing drawings. Whilst I can understand your desire for reality with your Tender, don't assume the previous owner was incorrect by painting the boat white. Leyland Fire tender at RAF Felixstowe 1920s acronym stands patrol torpedo answer motor torpedo boat. Email address . She stopped off at Amble and whilst attempting to enter the harbour in rough seas, she was capsized. An enquiry from London asked about the restoration of this rather forlorn RAF Fireboat. The later type was modified to carry 400 gallons of water and 65 gallons of foam to increase foam production. He used an "egg-box" technique, sliding the bulkheads onto slots in the superstructure which acted as a jig. penfold9763: 01/06/2012 10:26:41: 25 forum posts 19 photos: Cheers Mr Controller (i didn't want to say fat!!) Also an appendix laying out the Syllabus for a Course of Instruction in Fire Fighting Duties at RAF Cranwell appears. Sold for 50 (US$ 60) inc. premium Toys, Dolls & Soldiers. At first there were several conversion types, and ranged in length from 37.5 ft, 38ft and 40ft (11 to 12 mtrs) and were powered by either Meadows or Perkins engine. We had fun on many boating lakes on holidays in North Wales, and I've decided to refurbish her, and get her on the water again. Based on the Alvis Salamander chassis developed from the Alvis Saladin armoured car chassis it was 66 giving great off road capability and it could reach 60mph on a flat surface powered by a rear mounted Rolls Royce Mk81A petrol engine using a 5 speed pre-select gearbox. Sergeant Emmett on this occasion displayed great devotion to duty and courage and disregard for his own safety. Part of the port side cabin was cut away to accommodate a multi jet inductor with a 20 gallon foam compound tank. - Home Page! if you come and collect you can do so from HULL . It was on a strengthened chassis with and enclosed cab but the water/compound mixture was fed into the suction side of a standard Coventry Climax light portable pump mounted across the chassis. Features: Design speed 45 knots. Although the foam producing capacity was about the same as the Mk5A the Mk6 carried 700 gallons (3,000 litres) of water and 100 gallon (450 litres) of foam, plus 10 gallons (42.5 litres) of CBM (Chlorobromomethane) used for secondary fires. 1943 I think you may have the 42" 12th scale model? Aerokits plans of Sea Hornet 25 1/4" LOA a semi scale Various plastic toy boats comprising: Vosper RAF Crash Tender, Triang Avon Cabin Cruiser, Triang Derwent Cabin Cruiser, all battery operated, Scalex Orcades Ocean Liner, Triang Thames Cabin Cruiser, both clockwork, all boxed, and seven other plastic boats (12) FOX FILES combines in-depth news reporting from a variety of Fox News on-air talent. It remained in service until 1978 and had many modifications which brought about variants named Mk6A, 6B, 6C and 6D. Also a fire On May 21st 1919 at Ligescourt in France resulted in the loss of a Handley Page aircraft (0/400 D8314) and the hanger in which was accommodated. Donec sodales sagittis magna. The standard crew for a Conversion fire Float was five men, consisting of one coxswain, one engineer, one N.C.O. The new acquired tenders, the 1944 Conversion, the 1944 Monitor and Gas Truck did not come into service until after the war had ended. Model Boat Plans. Group Greater China I , Difference Between White And Pink Dove Soap, How Much Sugar Is In Ragu Spaghetti Sauce, Why Did Anthony From A&b Things Go To Jail, san juan marriott resort & stellaris casino restaurants, activity 19 shifts in supply and demand part c, how to enable device broadcast status spotify, opendoor institutional buyers partner salary, delta air lines flight 1141 cvr transcript. The Vosper RAF Crash Tender Kit 46 In 2003 after many modellers had expressed an interest in this popular design, the Vosper RAF Crash Tender or 46 Firefloat Mk. When in 1951 the trade came under Group 9 they came under Air Traffic Control (ATC) and became Aero Fireman or Aero/Fireman/Driver. Crash Tender makes up into a magnificent model 34.5 in length with a beam of 10 in, thus providing a scale model of truly seaworthy proportions, ideal for radio control installation. Many people would not associate the Royal Air Force Fire Service with boats. 13' 3" Draught. He deals with schizophrenia & related disorders, psychopharmacology, clozapine-related DRESS syndrome, evidence-based medicine, systematic reviews and allied topics. The Next Major Crash Truck finally delivered to the RAF in 1958 was to be the Mk6, a totally different type of vehicle that had never been seen before in the RAF Fire Service. Bryan Es British Power Boats MGB at speed vintage Victory Ind Vosper RAF Crash Tender. This fire was fought with only portable extinguishers, subsequently the Court of Inquiry concluded that the RAF lacked effective fire fighting equipment and that personnel were poorly trained. The Royal Air Force Museum of London, commonly called the RAF Museum, is located on the former Hendon Aerodrome, with five major buildings and hangars dedicated to the history of aviation and the Royal Air Force. Vintage Model Vosper RAF Tender (pg1 misc) Vintage Victory Industries Vosper RAF Crash Tender believed to date to the 1950's . Suggestions very welcome! The standard crew for a Conversion fire Float was five men, consisting of one coxswain, one engineer, one N.C.O. It was also equipped with four 60Ib CO2 cylinders discharging through hosereels and applicators. MK6 restored and owned by the Museum of RAF Firefighting. Nullam dictum felis eu pede mollis pretium. Vosper Model Boat Plans - Blogger Buy vosper boats and get the best deals at the lowest prices on eBay! Just last evening, I was feeling a little confident knowing he would be there to guide me through this build. That should cost 1 or less. It very well built, minus motor, radio, servo and battery. -42cm. by mturpin013 ( Vice Admiral) . there have been some recent crash tender builds in the blogs section. But not all RAF Firemen were trained at RAF Sutton-on-Hull. June 7, 2022; certified financial therapist . Originally tasked with the support of RNAS, and later RAF, The catch poles each side of the wheelhouse require replacing (no problem). This fine High Speed Vosper R.A.F. 21(Lintec21) M NS-141 6 /2-9131-01 Auction Details Plans, Fretsaw Blades, Flags, Decals and Vinyl Lettering. Brand New, never used. Vosper 34" RAF Crash Tender / Firefloat 2 Kit RC | #453456627 Original battery operated1950s Victory Industries RAF Vosper crash Re: 34" Vosper RAF Crash Rescue Tender - Aerokits model, Re: There were actually ten versions of the Fire Float (seemingly often erroneously called a 'Crash Tender'). Rudder detached but present, with a small box of parts and original instructions. 40.00. The Air Ministry realised that there had to be significant changes made in the approach to aircraft fire fighting. Keil Kraft R.A.F Vosper kit | Scale Models Forums Model Boats Website - Plans Distributed by Keil Kraft, these boats were probably the most widely sold of . Suitable for 8 to 10 c.c. Unfortunately, the rescued airman has since died of his injuries. the item will be sent back to the supplier for a . WATFORD MODEL MAKER PLANS. vosper raf crash tender plans The additional water supplies required were carried on converted water carriers based on Bedford OY or Dodge, Canadian Ford and the Chevrolet 42 chassis. VINTAGE MODEL BOAT RAF Crash Tender Project Rc Boat Hull 46inch Long - EUR 111,94. I think that must be 1/16 scale? No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted . Thats the reason am on 7 volt lipos, The 1/12 scale model was 46" in length not 42", as the real boat was 46ft, 1/12 equals 1" to the foot.. We no longer undertake packing and despatch but highly recommend the following:- Mail Boxes Etc whose address is 33 Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3AJ, Tel. A powerful electric motor drives twin screws, incorporating forward and reverse. This is a Vosper boat and the hull shape is versatile. Helicopter, plane, car etc. Find out about a Fireboat Funday in September . Price: 8.72 Free postage. Marine Craft Collection | Things to see and do - RAF Museum Many of our unique plans have a large selection of accessories, like white metal fittings, hulls, laser cut wood packs and more. Alternatively, it could supply water only. 16047371769 2-9131-01 20151906 When in 1951 the trade came under Group 9 they came under Air Traffic Control (ATC) and became Aero Fireman or Aero/Fireman/Driver. Flying bridge. Just days after the creation of the RAF itself, the Marine Craft Section (MCS) was created with the transfer of Royal Navy Air Service (RNAS) vessels and personnel to the new service. Quisque rutrum. Model is 34 and a bit inches long, Thanks Graham93, I saw your pictures - How did you decide what size motor to use? US Miami Class Crash Tender Boat Kit. This also could be used for domestic (structural) fire fighting. June 10. 1955 was to see the first Crash Truck in the RAF with a central forward facing monitor. 1955 Also the introduction of the jet aircraft brought on new challenges and this required improved firefighting techniques and more intense and specialised training of personnel. Sergeant Emmett tried repeatedly to extricate the other living member of the crew by means of a grab hook but without success. 18.00 postage. From Vintage Model Works comes the new 46 largesize kit of this popular and exciting RAF craft. She had been on an exercise with helicopters off the coast of Dundee and was making her way down the coast back to base. TWIN SCREW CRASH TENDER (Length 16 1/4 ins. Hi the I have is the aero kit firefloat crash Tender 36 inch model, Thanks Elsrickle. CRASH TENDER - UNUSED - MINT & BOXED 79.99 0 bids 6.45 postage 5d 5h or Best Offer Click & Collect Aerokits vintage raf vosper fire crash tender boat from the 60s 350.00 Collection in person 17 watching Tamiya Vosper Fast Patrol Boat Perkasa Model Boat Ship 89.99 0 bids 6.45 postage 2d 3h vosper boats 2.00 0 bids 2.70 postage The streamlined tender and the one shown here was photographed at RAF SCAMPTON in 1936. So having stripped out all the old equipment - see image of home made rudder servo! This eventually led to the provision of a fire vehicle at every permanent RAF Station. Vosper 46ft Mk2 In 1949 The second part was published and was for aircraft fire fighting and crash rescue services. I was banging my head trying to figure out what scale this was in : Growing old is mandatory, growing up is optional. The later modifications included two 50 gallon inter-connected foam tanks that were fitted in the bilges which allowed it to produce 2,700 g.p.m. design requirement british motor torpedo boats . She was initially launched in July 1941, but the date of her relaunch is still undecided. A forum for both professionals and knowledgeable amateurs. The Training unit was to be known as the RAF School of Firefighting. M. Mike. Hi Martin555, Graupner told me to ask a supplier in the UK, or at a Model Boat Club - fair enough, but there are so many different opinions!! Although it was a general fire fighting manual there is mentioned two early Fire Tenders and drills associated with these. Also a fire On May 21st 1919 at Ligescourt in France resulted in the loss of a Handley Page aircraft (0/400 D8314) and the hanger in which was accommodated. The main innovation was the provision of three monitors, two on the rear deck and one on the collapsible tower. Vosper Crash Tender Colour??? - Model Boat Mayhem We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. RAF Crash Tender. DICE Dental International Congress and Exhibition. $12.50. 86 Posts. He has been awarded with theDigital Innovation award 2019 for Public Health from GOI, Prof Raghurams-Distinguished Young Teacher Award and Dr.C.V.RamanYoung Scientist Award, GOK. (Read 11334 times), http://www.stephen.hull.btinternet.co.uk/bs381c.html, http://www.e-paint.co.uk/BS381%20Colourchart.asp, Quote from: HS93 on April 19, 2012, 02:37:39 am, Quote from: VC on February 22, 2013, 06:43:32 pm, http://www.modelboatmayhem.co.uk/forum/index.php?topic=41406.0. To carry on with the recommendations of the Air Ministry Panel that the foam attack should be supported by a CO2 attack the CO2 Tender was produced and was commonly known as the Gas Truck It was based on an Austin K6 64 chassis. Technical/Operations. The craft carried other rescue equipment such as line-throwing rockets, crash ladders, breaking in tools, stretchers and a deck davit with winch. 1922 The Vosper RAF Crash Tender Kit 46 In 2003 after many modellers had expressed an interest in this popular design, the Vosper RAF Crash Tender or 46 Firefloat Mk. [Archive] Page 8 . Clyde Puffer 1:72 scale 269mm MTB 488. B.P.C. Before he could return for the second man, the petrol tank split and the fierce heat of the blazing petrol then prevented any near approach. CNC Laser & Router cut from 1.5 & 4mm Plywood the kit includes all wood Parts with clear acetate windows ,Full comprehensive instructions, Coloured Building Pictures Instructions, A3 Fittings Plan Length : 26 ins (660mm) Beam : 7.5 ins (190mm) Includes extra metal fittings pack The later modifications included two 50 gallon inter-connected foam tanks that were fitted in the bilges which allowed it to produce 2,700 g.p.m. 550.00. This tender carried 450 gallons (2,025 litres) of water and 60 gallons (270 litres) of foam compound. Aenean leo ligula, porttitor eu, consequat vitae, eleifend ac, enim. Duis leo. this builds a beautiful model. This was mainly due to aircraft becoming larger with increased fuel loads which in turn required greater foam producing capacity from vehicles. Vosper 46ft Mk2. test ground 24/8/44". The boats did not need a building board, and accurate alignment was simple to achieve. Subtype: Battery Operated. ", Yes Peter, It's an Aerokits model - I still have the original intructions - distributor was KeilKraft. In 1974-5, the vessel was regularly commanded by F/Lt Colin Chandler, completing some 50 operational exercises/sorties, mainly involving RAF aircraft, though with some work with the Royal Navy and Army. Full Description. They carried out trials and these proved conclusively that this was the case. however i shall be concentrating initially on equipping the unfinished raf crash tender i bought with it.. This is a shock. A Wooden Kit Built Keil Kraft Model of a Vosper 46 ft. RAF Crash Tender. It also had an internal fire suppression system for the rear engine compartment. The streamlining was not an exercise in styling, but was designed to facilitate cleansing and decontamination after a gas attack. 1944 Conversion Type in action showing the platform extended. 46 Inch Model Boat R.A.F. After the trade of Fireman was formalised in 1943 in 1949/50 the trade Fireman/Driver was introduced. Long range. RAF Crash Tender This fine High Speed Vosper R.A.F. I'm hoping to do the refurb over the winter, and install the new motor/servo and electronics, then remove, so I can do a better job on the inside, before doing the repair and repaint, Looks like it could be an old Aerokits Fireboat, depends on the size of the boat, what size motor to put in, the one you saw at Southport, with a 850 brushed motor, would probably be a 1/12 scale, but, 34" Vosper RAF Crash Rescue Tender - Aerokits model, Slec Ltd - Bob-A-Bout Footy Class Yacht Build. Forward and central cabin tops lift off for access, as the rear cockpit floor. In 2019 he was Visiting Research Scientist for 1-year rotation at the Department of Psychiatry Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital (NY, USA), with Prof. Christoph U. Correll and Prof. John M. Kane. By 1940 the RAF Fire tender stock was mostly comprised of the Crossley FE1, the Streamlined and FWD Type with the introduction of the Ford Motor Company WOT1. Dr.Reem Alshareef is a family medicine resident PSY-3 at king Abdulaziz medical city, Jeddah ,Saudi Arabia. Alternatively, it could supply water only. History of RAF Firefighting | Museum of RAF Firefighting Details. 1mm laser cut and .5mm laser cut sheet supply internals and detail parts Vac-fomings supply the nicads battery tray, rudder servo mount and motor mounting for the internals. Renato de Filippis is a medical doctor, early career psychiatrist and PhD student. AeroKits Vosper 46" RAF Crash Tender - RC Groups Please note that all plans are printed to order and as such we are unable to accept returns. It weighed around 28lbs (12.7 Kg) it was only worn for close rescue work by maybe two fire-fighters. Sergeant Emmett on this occasion displayed great devotion to duty and courage and disregard for his own safety. January 1 model boat plans marine modelling international. she looks superb on the water with a nice paint job. 1/24th RTTLs; the 2554 BPC Hants and Dorset is a scratch-build using the ply from an old Crash Tender hull re-cut to John Pritchard plans and given curvature to the topsides and under the chines, with ply deck and Formica deckhouse. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. A Keilkraft / Aerokits Vosper 46ft RAF Crash Tender Vintage Kit./c.1950s kit of wooden parts with plan and instructions to build 34" 87cm long 10" / 25cm beam model of an RAF High Speed Rescue Launch. + $32.73 shipping + $32.73 shipping + $32.73 shipping. For 0.5 to 1 c.c. It had a car blower motor, a home made server to steer (see picture), and my eldest brother built the RC system. In the post war years, some 5,000 Regulars and National Service Conscripts were trained at RAF Sutton on Hull Sed fringilla mauris sit amet nibh. Two 2 inch hand lines could also be used at ground level if required. RCU Forums - Aerokits RAF fire boat/crash tender Bedford OY Water Tanker VOSPER RAF Crash Tender. Contact options for registered users. Furthermore Dr. Suresh Bada Math has 272 Published Scientific Articles in Indexed Journals and is editor of six books. This fine HIGH SPEED VOSPER R.A.F. 1:48 870mm Tradition. 1945 Monitor Type Forward and central cabin tops lift off for access, as the rear cockpit floor. 19521952 saw the first of the post war vehicles coming into service, this was the Mk5 Crash Tender built by Whitson on a Thorneycroft 44 chassis with Sun Engineering fitting the fire equipment. My Bonhams. Part No: B-FTS1.16 . Search for: Recent Posts. Another forum site with a new built crash tender by robbob, very nice boat with a lot of good info. 1/48 SCALE 28.5 X 7 Fittings Available Separately . 1931 Morris Commercial 3 Foam Tanks and Wooden Body Work. RAF Boats 1918 - 1986. The aircraft, which had been broken in two by the impact, was burning furiously and two members of the crew could be seen alive in the flames below the fuselage. The Bedford was the most common. Aerokits 46 RAF Crash Tender. Donec vitae sapien ut libero venenatis faucibus. By using this website you agree to our use of cookies. It carried 400 gallons (1,800 litres) of water and 60 gallons (270 litres) of foam, the foam being delivered through hand lines. A fire demonstration at RAF Cranwell in 1937 the vehicle being used is the Streamlined Crossley He is part of Early Career Psychiatrists (ECPs) section of World Psychiatry Association (WPA). The two main engines were Rover Meteorite petrol units which each developed 375 h.p. Vosper 34" RAF Crash Tender / Firefloat 2 Vosper 34" RAF Crash Tender / Firefloat 2 This is our own design of the iconic "Crash Tender" based around all wooden components. I've just started building this boat today ( to take my mind off my complex Schnellboot build for a while) and I want to keep this relatively simple - I know that I will add detailing to it in the times to me - that is a different story. Details of the kit This carried 300 gallons (1,350 litres) of water and 100 gallons (450 litres) of foam. With the micro-servos and compact speed controls available now even the smaller Airfix Vosper can be radio-controlled. Crossley FE1 Crash Tender which carried 300 Gallons (1,350 Litres) of Water, (28 Litres) of Foam Compound and 4 60Ib CO2 cylinders Follow. VOSPER Electric R.A.F Crash Tender Model 1960s Original Box Vintage Plastic Battery-Operated Comet Hydro Plane, MIC. The early productions had a different rear body shape. Based on the Alvis Salamander chassis developed from the Alvis Saladin armoured car chassis it was 66 giving great off road capability and it could reach 60mph on a flat surface powered by a rear mounted Rolls Royce Mk81A petrol engine using a 5 speed pre-select gearbox. HS93, I really don't know how to thank you enough. and ran at 2,400 r.p.m.. To leave a comment, click the button below to sign in with Google. 1921 Sergeant Emmett, protected only by asbestos gloves, dashed into the burning wreckage and extricated one of the crew. Although the Mk5A was a great leap forward from the War time trucks, continuing development was still required. Very little is known of the activities and effectiveness of the unit at RAF Cranwell; however links remained with the London Fire Brigade well into the 1940s. Bird scaring.Recovery of aircraft engaging the Rotary Hydraulic Arrester Gear (RHAG). Published and presented many researches in international conferences. Large deck area. Late 50`s Vintage Aerokit Vosper Crash Tender refurbished and converted to electric using Turnigy parts, D3548/6 790KV Brushless Outrunner Motor, 2 Off 2200m. PRINCIPAL PARTICULARS: RAF BOAT NUMBERS: 93 & 94 BUILDER: VOSPER LTD, Portsmouth DISPLACEMENT: 12.16 Tons (Full Load) 10.33 Tons (Light) HULL DIMENSIONS: Length oa. The more advanced forum for those of you who want to dig deeper into technical issues as well as airline management and operations. The early fire fighters found themselves poorly trained and under equipped and they had to develop new skills with the equipment they had inherited which were not purpose built but converted standard fire vehicles. Join. The tower was dispensed with and firefighting was performed by a rear mounted monitor or four hand lines, this was supplemented by four 60 IbCO2. CHANEL()CHANEL AW . $18.48. Two 2 inch hand lines could also be used at ground level if required. Crash - Avaluers Price Guide | Page 2 Dr. Dipti D. Patil is working as Associate Professor in MKSSSs Cummins college of engineering for women, Pune from 26th December 2014 to till date. This was my fathers and is untouched still in kit form. Preserved Austin K6 CO2 Tender at the Museum of RAF Fire Fighting. The image shows two fire-fighters close to a Streamline Crossley, one holding the CO2 line and one holding the foam line. Details about AEROKITS WWII RAF FIRE CRASH TOWING TENDER RADIO CONTROL SCALE MODEL BOAT RARE 16" vosper twin screw crash tender model boat in its (original box). In 2003 after many modellers had expressed an interest in this popular design, the Vosper RAF Crash Tender or 46 Firefloat Mk. Twin rudders, propeller shafts, tubes and ventilators all in brass. They also have been involved in two specialised units which; During their history RAF Firefighters have received many awards for acts of bravery, many of these were earned during WWII but many have been awarded in modern times.